body slender, cylindrical, apically slightly pointed
length 120–220 µm (sometimes 60–90 µm)
oral apparatus with shape of a „6“
oral apparatus with distinct watch-glass body
distinct fringe of extrusomes forms a cortical layer
macronucleus elongated ellipsoid
one micronucleus adjacent to macronucleus
contractile vacuole dorsal, near mid-body
one caudal cilium (15–20 µm)
Ophryoglena utriculariae
So far I have only found a single specimen of Ophryoglena utriculariae in floating plants in the Simmelried. However, both Song & Wilbert (1989) and Kahl (1931) describe the species as common and widespread. Kahl mentions that he found Ophryoglena utriculariae exclusively among Utricularia.
The specimen I found was only 85 µm long, much smaller than the average length of 120–220 µm. However, both Kahl and Song & Wilbert mention that dwarf forms do occur.
The characteristics of my specimen match the descriptions for Ophryoglena utriculariae. I could not yet recognize the caudal cilia in the freely swimming specimen, but only in the slightly squashed specimen (s. fig. 3 a). The body is somewhat pointed apically, as described by Kahl (s. fig. 2 c). There is only one contractile vacuole, which is located dorsally and approximately in the middle of the body. I could recognize 4 excretory pores of the contractile vacuole (s. fig. 4).
The macronucleus is elongated ellipsoid with a rather large, attached micronucleus (s. fig. 5). A clear fringe of rod-shaped extrusomes can be seen under the pellicle, all of which are directed posteriorly (s. figs. 5 and 6). According to my measurements they are about 3.3 µm long (s. fig. 6). This agrees well with the data of Song & Wilbert (3.8 µm). As in all Ophryoglena species, the oral apparatus is shaped like a 6. On the left wall of the vestibule is the watch-glass body located, which is also called Lieberkuehn’s organelle (s. figs. 3 b and 7). This organelle is well developed and clearly recognizable in Ophryoglena utriculariae. Its function is unclear, but it is assumed that it is connected with the widening of the mouth opening when swallowing large prey.
Fig. 1 a-c:Ophryoglena utriculariae. L = 85 µm. A freely swimming specimen from ventral (a, c) and from left (b). Obj. 40 X.
Fig. 2 a-c:Ophryoglena utriculariae. L = 85 µm. The freel swimming specimen as shown in fig. 1 a-c at higher magnification. Obj. 60 X.
Fig. 3 a-b:Ophryoglena utriculariae. L = 85 µm. The slightly squashed specimen as shown in fiig. 1 a-c. Note the caudal cilium (CC) and the contractile vacuole near mid-body at the dorsal side. In the 6-shaped oral apparatus the watch-glass body (WGB) is visible. Ma = macronucleus. Obj. 100 X.
Fig. 4:Ophryoglena utriculariae. L = 85 µm. Dorsal view of a squashed specimen with 4 excretion pores (arrows) of the contractile vacuole. Obj. 100 X.
Fig. 5:Ophryoglena utriculariae. The ellipsoidal macronucleus (Ma) and the micronucleus (Mi) in a squashed specimen. CC = caudal cilium, CV = contractile vacuole, EX = fringe of extrusomes. Obj. 100 X.
Fig. 6:Ophryoglena utriculariae. The rod-shaped extrusomes (EX) have a length of about 3.3 µm. Obj. 100 X.
Fig. 7:Ophryoglena utriculariae. The oral apparatus with the watch-glass body (WGB) in detail. UM = undulating membrane. Obj. 100 X.